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Whats NFT: NFTs are just the beginning of the cascade of billions from cryptos that will invade the economy
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Whats NFT: NFTs are just the beginning of the cascade of billions from cryptos that will invade the economy
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Cryptocurrency
holders could spend part of their wealth and impact the real economy.
NFTs
are just the beginning of the cascade of billions from cryptos that will invade
the economy with Sebastian Laye and Michel Ruimy.
Atlántico:
We are talking more and more about cryptocurrencies and the sums involved are
always higher. And the data indicate that crypto ownership is concentrated in a
small number of wallets. Should we expect to see the billions linked to
cryptocurrency entering the real economy? How much are we talking about?
Sebastian Laye: The total value of cryptocurrencies or cryptoassets has stabilized at around 2 trillion ($2 trillion), half of which are bitcoins, despite peaking at almost 3 trillion a few weeks ago.
These
sums are certainly considerable, but lower, for example than the market
capitalization of Apple, which bodes well for good future potential. In
addition, many shareholders have also enriched themselves by their holding of
shares in the sector (Coinbase, Binance, FTX, etc.), which means that the total
net wealth created by the sector is greater than this market capitalization of
cryptocurrencies alone or cryptoassets (I prefer this second term) itself.
Holding
cryptoassets is quite popular. In France, a recent report by KPMG shows that 8%
of French people have held or hold cryptos and that 26% of them could vote according
to the positions of the candidates on the subject.
Despite
this popular craze, which concerns many young people, positions in cryptos are
concentrated, with 70% of bitcoins held by large investors (who are qualified
in trading jargon as whales or whales). Whats NFT - The phenomenon is even more
obvious for the smallest cryptocurrencies, linked to a blockchain project or an
ICO. I see two reasons for this. In the case of bitcoin, large specific
investors - for a long time - and more recently traditional institutional investors
have accumulated significant positions, sometimes also resulting from the
activity of miners, the players who regularly "create" this currency.
There is also the phenomenon of sponsorship linked to the launch of a new
crypto or blockchain project. Instead of creating a company that captures all
the value of a sector and enriches themselves with commissions, for example,
entrepreneurs in the sector launch currencies or tokens linked to the project Whats NFT.
They
are remunerated by a large initial distribution of this token: thus by
construction, cryptocurrencies always have a few founders somewhere holding a
large percentage of the cryptocurrency. This is also the case with Bitcoin and
its mysterious creator, whose initial cryptos must be worth at least 100
billion today. Cryptocurrencies always have a few founders somewhere owning a
large percentage of the cryptocurrency.
This
is also the case with Bitcoin and its mysterious creator, whose initial cryptos
must be worth at least 100 billion today.
Whats
NFT: Cryptocurrencies always have a few founders somewhere owning a large
percentage of the cryptocurrency. This is also the case with Bitcoin and its
mysterious creator, whose initial cryptos must be worth at least 100 billion
today.
This
value is ultimately more liquid than shares, for example, in an unlisted
company. If only 5% of the value of assets were spent in the real economy, this
would represent an injection of 100 billion. In particular, many hidden
fortunes could finance other sectors: infrastructure, real estate, industry,
luxury, consumer goods.
Michel
Ruimy: Of the approximately 16,000
cryptoassets already created, only around 10,000 remain today and the
disappearances have not always been explained. So far, the incidents have had
no noticeable effect on the stability of the financial system.
To
weigh on the real economy, these media must in particular be used as a means of
payment. However, this requires, in particular, a greater stabilization of
prices to consolidate the confidence of holders, buyer and seller, a binding
and clear legal framework in its use, its investment and its price, an
ever-increasing evangelization on the part of traditional players (banks) and
new entrants… Thus, investment in these media must be made more for its use
than for its price and its speculation.
However,
the democratization of crypto-assets as a means of payment is not yet done
today: very low percentage of transactions carried out in e-commerce, high
withdrawal costs from physical distributors (7-8% of the amount withdrawn),
less than 1% of cryptocurrency holders use their wallet as a means of payment USD,
after a peak of 3,000 billion in November 2021.
Whats
NFT - A significant amount of course, but to be put into perspective. The daily
volume traded on the Forex market, for example, reaches 6.6 trillion USD!
For
all these reasons, the conversion of cryptoassets and their penetration into
the real sphere does not seem to be a topical issue.
However,
cooperation between countries should be strengthened to better monitor
developments in this ecosystem and strengthen their regulations to limit the
risk. The idea would also be for the public authorities to adopt the digital
currency themselves. Already, many central banks (Banque de France, European
Central Bank) are working on setting up digital currencies using blockchain
technology. For them, it would not be a question of positioning themselves on
the crypto-asset market, but of making exchanges of national currencies more
fluid, with faster and more reliable digital devices.
What
could be the positive or negative consequences of this massive influx of money
from the real economy?
Sebastian
Laye: There are still tax and regulatory obstacles to the full concrete use of
these fortunes. There have been a few transactions in cryptos on real estate or
luxury goods, but most of the time; the conversion into dollars is a must. Whats
NFT - Thus, the fortunes of the sector have tended to reinvest in other digital
assets, such as NFTS: the enthusiasm
for the latter stems from the fact that they constituted an outlet for bitcoin
fortunes. The concrete impact can therefore only be gradual according to
regulatory changes and uses.
The
State of Colorado has just announced, for example, a project to allow the
payment of local taxes in cryptocurrencies. We should not expect a sudden wave
of consumption due to the reinvestment of these fortunes. Furthermore, the big
money in the industry tends to stay in the industry and not liquidate their
cryptos. They know it would cause a crash in their industry. Whats NFT - Finally,
a fortune in cryptos is in the same situation as a classic fortune with stocks;
his goal is to sell 1 or 2% of his assets each year to diversify or finance his
lifestyle. Cryptocurrency money will essentially remain in the crypto
ecosystem.
Michael
Ruimy: If crypto-assets become more popular, the potential impact on the
economy could increase as more and more traditional financial institutions
become involved in this compartment. Thus, a crisis of confidence in the sector
could be transmitted to the real economy and destabilize it. The transmission
belts between these media and the real world are found, in particular, at the
level of central banks, which regulate the quantity of money in circulation to
guarantee price stability, the level of inflation, or even that of interest
rates. Whats NFT - The generalization of crypto-assets could therefore limit
the ability of central banks to act and generate serious risks for the economy,
particularly in emerging countries where they have developed strongly.
The
fact remains that in the long term, the currency should fully enter the digital
era. Monetary digitization, both public and private, will redefine the role of
banks and could pave the way for a more responsive and productive
“technological finance” than the current “bureaucratic finance”. It thus brings
hope in terms of simplifying economic processes.
The
challenge is colossal because the reality with which we will be confronted in
the coming years will notably be that of a mountain of debt (insurmountable?)
which will threaten to collapse in the absence of massive involvement from the
political and monetary authorities. Whats NFT: This should be an opportunity to
redefine a new financial system model, including the digitization of money,
with the imperative of stability and the promotion of the real activity. It is
in this sense that the digital currencies of central banks can play a
considerable role.
What
could motivate crypto holders to spend part of their wealth and thus lead to
this influx of money?
Sebastien
Laye: The evolution of uses (online merchants increasingly accepting cryptos
directly) and regulations (possibility of paying taxes or administrative
service, simplification of taxation). In France, for the moment, fortunes in
cryptos have often exiled themselves to other countries due to ubiquitous
taxation. The subject goes far beyond the bitcoin trader. Whats NFT - An entrepreneur in the metaverse, for example, has a
business model based on issuing a cryptoasset. If the administration treats him
like a bitcoin holder, the economic equation will struggle to work in the long
run. French taxation is destroying the potential of different sectors: virtual
universes, metaverse, AI.
Beyond
the French case, I believe that the question of diversification is key in the
reinvestment of sums: the great fortunes of the sector, entrepreneurs, once
past the stage of creation, will strongly seek to crystallize part of their
gains and to diversify. It is a principle of sound management. In this view,
recognition or reinvestment principles should also be mature, making it simpler
to convert this wealth into real assets.
The
property industry, for example, could improve from this success during the
approaching years. Credit or reinvestment platforms should also be developed,
making it easier to convert this wealth into real assets.
Michel
Ruimy: The estimate of financial
soundness is commonly the voicing of an accounting, corporal and tangible
reality. However, the evolution of market finance has been able to gradually
lead to a decorrelation between the value of an asset and its economic fundamentals
(see GAFAM, Amazon, Tesla, etc.). Whats NFT - It now no longer follows the
“cash-flow” economy but an invisible trust, an immaterial goodwill, of which
the quotations of certain crypto-assets can be the final expression. Believing,
is an important remedy of all inflationary macroeconomic operation, is now
indexed and subject to the interplay of supply and demand for confidence.
How
about cryptoassets that bank on decentralized blockchain mechanics that assures
to rebuild trust? Organisations commonly call-out weaknesses in their
functional, regime and risk procedure. In recent months, crypto-asset platforms
have experienced major disruptions during episodes of turbulence, not to
mention the resounding cases of computer hacking which resulted in the theft of
funds placed by users. Trust is not yet fully established.
Whats NFT - Is
that bad? Not so long as speculation only ruins speculators, because certain
surveys relating to the profile of investors show that it is generally a young
(under 35) and heterogeneous population: business bosses, unemployed, grafters,
people who have the expertise in gambling. But also corporal investors
(political sensitivity is a determining factor here too!) in particular looking
for returns, long-term investments, protection against inflation or even a lack
of trust in banks.
As
soon as these last conditions are not met, it could be that an opposite
movement can be observed.
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